Machine for making button backs and the like



W. T. ABEL May 26, 1936.

MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 6, 1933 3: 3:17: FFFCF .FHW ADV k J Y 936. w. T. ABEL 2,042,375

MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 6, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 26, 1936. w. T. ABEL 2,042,375

MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 6, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 a gnaw QM zz'eryrAzwz May 26, 1936. w. T. ABEL 2,042,375

MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE 7 Filed D60. 6, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 x;\\ mm y 1935' I w. T. ABEL 2,042,375

MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE I|| I 'TIIII I; I l I j 19 1.9 20 I p 21 Walter Tzlbel Wax wwwy 936. w. T. ABEL 2,042,375

' MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 6, 195:5 7 sheets-sheet 6 fl Q10? 3 rfTAfiml,

May 26, 1936. w ABEL 2,042,375

MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 6, 1935 '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 W 42 72 37/ 1 5 AA x 33" 401/4; sa't 76 f? Patented May 26, 1936 MACHINE FOR MAKING BUTTON BACKS AND THE LIKE l Walter T. Abel, West Cheshire, Conn., assignor to The Patent Button Company. Waterbury, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut Application December.6, 1933, Serial No. 701,218

- 23 Claims.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in double stroke high-speed crank headers, and more particularly to a crank header for making hard metal (steel) button backs.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide .what I term a shifting backing-up block, so that the metal acted upon, whether in position for its first stroke, or in position for the second stroke, will be adequately backed up.

Still another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the metal, when receiving its first blow, will be wholly encased within the die cavity and, as before mentioned, will be strongly backed up when in this position. Further, as the metal to be acted upon is forced partly out 'of the die cavity to receive the header blow, the metal will also be strongly backed up in this position.

Still another object of the invention is to provide means for removing the formed blank wholly without the die cavity and then be automatically ejected or removed from the knock-out pin as the new blank or slug is carried into position.

Still another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the several operations will all be properly synchronized, so that as the one slug is formed and headed and partly removed, another slug will be carried to its work position in order that the operation of the forming of the slugs (button backs) will be continuous.

Still another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the button backs may be formed and removed in a relatively rapid man ner, while the stock worked upon is so backed up that there is relatively little wearto the said parts and the button formed will be a clean-cut one. I

Still another object of the invention is to provide a forming and backing-up means together 3 with a final knock-out means that are interrelated and cooperative in action, so that the several parts will be advanced and retracted in their desired order with little or no" chance for failure.

Still another object of the invention is to proout the die cavity where it may be ejected at the beginning of. the cycle of the 'next operation.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a shifting backing-up block to receive the thrust from the metal operated on, which block 5 is provided with a lower and anupper cam face, so that whether the slug is in its first position, wherein the hub is flared, or whether it is in its second position, .wherein the head is formed, the backing-up block will be in position to properly receive the thrust.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain new and novel arrangements and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims.

Referring now to the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the improved header;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, with parts omitted for clearness of illustration;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1, showing my improved backing-up block and knock-out mechanism in their normal position;

Fig-4 is a still further enlarged transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, showing the shear blade carrier and shear blade in advanced position and showing the slug in line with the die block;

Fig. 5 is a similar view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3, looking in the opposite direction, andshowing the punch carrier mechanism and its elevating means; i r l Fig. 6 is a. fragmentary front elevation of a part of themachine and showing my improved shifting backing-up block in normal position;

Fig. 6a is a detail plan view of the front end of the knock-out pin and the shifting backing-- up block in its normal position relative thereto;

Fig. '7 is' a fragmentary front view of the shifting backing-up block in an adjusted'position to advance the knock-out pin to its first step;

Fig. 8 is a detailplan view, showing the parts in the same advanced position as in Fig.- '7;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing the punch and header mechanism in an advancing position preliminary to deliv ering the first stroke or punch blow;

Fig. 10 shows the parts. with the punch having deliveredits first strokeor' blow, the slug being now wholly encased within the die cavity when receiving the blow;

Fig. 11 shows the parts after their next step 65 1 or operation has been performed, wherein the knock-out pin and its operating mechanism have advanced the slug into a protruding position ready for the second or heading blow and the heading die in an oncoming position;

.Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but showing the punch carrier mechanism having been raised to align the heading die with the slug and delivering its finalor heading blow to complete the button back;

Fig. 13 shows the knock-out pin and its mechanism having been next operated to push the completed button back without the die cavity and the button ejector about to remove the button back from the coned end of the forming pin;

Fig. 14 shows a series of further enlarged views, in perspective, of the slugin its various stages of formation;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 4, but showing the shear blade and carrier retracted to its normalposition and in line with the shear quill;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary sectional plan view of theshear quill and shear blade and carrier in normal position to agree with Fig. 15.

It might be said at the outset that the double stroke'crank header herein illustrated is COD-9 ventional,. as far as the frame and several parts are shown for operating the punch and header die carrier, together with means for elevating the punch and headerdie carrier. Likewise is the machine conventional as to the female die can rier, feed rolls, and their operating mechanism, as

may be seen in the patents to Wilcox, No." 1,360,842 of 1920 and No.11,405',1'l4, of July, 1922.

The present invention relates primarily to a shifting backing-up block and the arrangement of the knock-out pin and the knock-out lever, together with the synchronizing means for operating these partsfrom the driving mechanism of the machine. ,It' also relates to the manner in which the work is operated on when in the dies, whieh is made possible by the arrangement and construction'of the shifting backing-up block and the arrangement of the knock-out pin and lever.

So that the invention may be fully understood,

however, the machinein general is described, and

it will be understood that any parts not shownor described have not been thought necessary for a clear understanding of the present invention.

Referring now to the drawings showing a preferred embodiment, and for'the momentto Fig. 1 in particular, there is shown a conventional double stroke crank header, consisting of the body I and the standards orlegs 2. 0n the forward end'of the machine may. be seen a feed roll, housing 8, in which are located the feed rolls and their operating mechanism, the mechanism, in turn, to be driven through the connecting rod 8 from mechanism (not shown in detail) connected with the main drive-shaft of the machine. This feed roll mechanism per se forms no part of the present invention and any suitable mechanism therefor may be utilized. There is illustrated the rolls A and B for feeding the wire or stock to the machine, which wire or stock S, it will be understood, is to be sheared into lengths (blanks or slugs) and formed into button backs. I

Directly on the forward face of the feed 'roll housing 3 is the adjusting'screw bracket a. spaced from the housing a suitable distance by the sleeves b through which, in turn, are passed the extension bolts 0, which extend entirely through the feed roll bracket and arethreaded into the body of the main frame I of the machine. The bracket a is held tightly in position by the nuts d on the outer ends of the extension bolts 0. Also, there may be seen in Fig. 1 the die carrying block 4, which is rigidly mounted within the 5 body or frame I of the machine, while opposed thereto may be seen the punch and header carrying mechanism 5, vertically and slidably mounted on the front facejof a horizontal-slide or gate 59; whichgate is mounted in the ways 59'. r

There is also illustrated a drive shaft 6 arranged transversely of the machine, which is driven from any suitable source of power by a belt 1, which passes over one of the two fly 5 wheels 8. Mounted centrally of the shaft 8 is the pitman 9 for operating the aforementioned gate 59. A transversely mounted rock shaft I mayalso be seen which, in turn, is operated through the geartrain Hi and I2,- which latter gear is 20 mounted on a pintle I! which, in turn, carries a cam l4 actuating va further pitman l5, which carries the hardened. rollers IS. The other end of the pitman is connected to a rocker arm I! pivoted to a block yieldingly mounted be- 25 tween the springs l8, which springs are carried by the pitman l5. This rocker arm-11 is'af fixed to the aforementioned rock shaft. l0. Also mounted on the rock shaft I8 is a further arm I 9 pivotally connected to the cradle 20 which, 30

these parts is what constitutes the present in vention. 40

Shifting backing-up block and operating n echae m'sm therefor Referring now to the gist of the invention, the rock shaft III also has another arm 23 (Fig. 3) 5 'to which is pivotally connected the rod 24.: The

other end of the rod 24 is connected through the" medium of a shear'pin 24' to a sleeve '24", to which latter, in turn, is pivotally connected the bell crank lever 25. I 50 This bell crank lever 25 is pivotally mounted on a bracket 28, which latter is 'mounted on the...;

under sideof the feed roll housing 8. The short arm 25 of the bell crank is connected to the vertical rod 21 through a universal joint 28. The 55 upper end or the vertically disposed rod 21 is, in turn, pivotally connected to a second bell crank 29 through a similar universal joint 28'. This bell crank 29 is pivotally mounted .on'the feed roll bracket 3 by the stud lllywhile fixed to the upper end'of the bell crank armds theshifting backing-up block 8|, which is shown in detail in-Figs. 6,611, 7, and 8.

Now this backing-up block has the'inclined or cam surface 32 which, as will be explained, pro- 65 vides the necessary advance for the knock-out pin 33. The front end of this pin is mounted in a hardened sleeve 84 within the housing 8 and extends horizontally through the frame I. I

It will be noticed from Fig. 3 that the knockout pin 33, in reality, is made up of several sections, to wit, 83, 83', and 38", the latter section being a relatively short one forsake, of con- "venience, which section extends within thedie,

block 96 to contact with the headed end 4! of 75 quill so mounted in the die-block 4 to finally abut the forming and knock-out pin 33-. One of the main purposes of having the knock-out pin in several sections is so that a knock-out lever 43,

shortly to be described, maybe interposedin termediate two of the sectionstoadvance .the forming and knock-out pin 33 -4| to'its final or knock-out step, as will hereinafter be ex; plained.

Threaded within the'bracket a will be seen the adjusting screw 3|, which is to be locked in a.

set position by the lock nut 3|. This'adjust ing screw is.to back up or take the thrust'that will be delivered through'the' knock-out pin to the shifting backing-up block 3|,which latter will always be in a backing-up position, regardless of the position of the shifting'backing-up lever.

Still referring to Fig. 3, therewill be seen a backing plate 35'mounted in the frame I of the machine, which supports the die block 36 in which is fitted a female die 31. that the plate 35 and the die block 36. are provided with registered openings, througnwhich I pass the sections 33 and 33" of the knock-out. pin 33. Asbefore mentioned, by forming the knock-out pin with the short section 33" the forming pin may be easily removed and replaced,

as it wears in service.

In the foot 35' of The die block 36 is also provided with a chamber 38 in which may beseen the backing or filler 39, which is coextensive, with the rear surface of the die 31. This die is provided centrally with a bore 40 to receive the forming and knock out pin 33-4l, the" rear end of which bears against the small section 33" of 'the'knock-out pin 33. It will'be understood that this forming and knock-out pin'33-4l, besides flaring and recessing the hub portion of the slug, is also designed to advance within the die 31 to push the slug partly from the'die for its heading position and will finally be advanced by the knockv out lever to completely remove the slug from the die, as will be hereinafter more" fully'de scribed.

Also formed in the die block above the die, 31

is a small clearance or recess 42, into which a punch I3 may enter when the punch is in its raised position, as will also hereinafter be shortly described? As heretofore mentioned, interposed between two of the sections of the knock-out pi'n xnay be seen one end of the knock-out lever 43,'which lever is pivoted on the stud 44 (Fi 1) while its other end 43 extends into the path of a knockout slide 45 which, in turn, operates within the bearing 45 and is suitably pivoted to a connecting rod 41, which latter extends rearwardly and is suitably operated by a cam 48 mounted on the shaft 48. The purpose of this knock-out lever is that after the knock-out pin has been advanced from its normal position to the first step and it is then desired to push the button blank or slug from the die, the knock-out lever comes'intooperation to still further advance the forming and knock-out pin 33-4I through the sections. 33f

and 33" (see Figs. 1 and 13). to: thus advance the finished slug vwholly without the die cavity.

Now referring to Figs. 1 and 2 for the moment, there areillustratedthe conventional feed rolls A and B, while leading thereto and therefrom may be seen the guidetubes or quills 49 and 49' through which the wire stock S isfed to the rolls, and then from the rolls through a shear It is also to be noted the backing plate 35 may be seen screw means 35" for vertically setting the die b1ock35 with its die 31 therein.

or contact with the stop 5 I supported by the block 52. This block 52 is suitably adjustablymounted I in the main framel. Now slidably mounted with- I in this block 52 may bes'een a shear blade car; 5 s Uriel 53,with the blade 53', which blade has suit ably formedpocket on its nose to receive the slug S, which slug is held in place by the small leaf spring 54',whi 'ch is carried by the knife and temporarily serves to holdItheslug'S' after having 1 been severed and carried in thepocket of theshearfblade. I i 1 In Fig. 4, the shear blade and carrier are shown as having moved from normalposition to operated position and as having carried the stock, 15 (which is now in the form ofa cylindrical slug or blank S) fromthe quill to a position in alignment withthe dies in order that the slug.

may be pushed wholly within, the die .31 and.

there receive its first stroke or hub forming blow. 20

Also formed on the advancingend' of the shear blade carrier 53 may be seen an ejector finger 55, which is, of course, arranged in advance of the plane of the stock, and it is this finger that seen that the movement of the shear jbladecar 35 rier 53 as well as the movement of the knock-p out lever 43 and the timing mechanism for the knock-out pin 33 are all-either controlled directly or indirectly from] the'rotative movement of the main drive shaft.;

. 40 Punch carrying mechanism 52 and the punch holder 63, which latter is securely bolted to the slide 62 by the locking studs 64 and 54'. The punch holder 63 has receptive. slots for the locking studs 64 and. 54' to permit, of fine adjustment of the'punch or, punches. There may also be seenin Figs. 1 and'5 the two 'limitingstop screws 65; one ofwhich limits the 60 upward movement or the slide and the other of which limits the downward movement. Also,

. there may be seen in Fig. 5 adjusting screws 6!! for lateral adjustment of the upper end of the punch carrier andthe furtherlfldiu ting screws 5 p for djusting"laterally' the lower end of the punch carrier.

The punch carrying mechanism 5 includes the elongated block 63 which'is provided with bores f 66 and 61 in which there are respectively mounted 7-1 the punch and the heading die. As willbe noi j ticed in the upper bore 65, there is positioned a sleeve orb'ushing 58, which is held rigidly and accurately in position'by a tapered bolt 69 ar-' ranged transversely thereof and engaging a re- 'to fit within the "tapered chamber 10 and is held 73 and also provides meansfor permittingj' the .quick removal'of the punchlt after fishe -same" the head", as at 16, and about which latter'por cess formed in the punch holding sleeve, In the forward endfof the sleeve 68, there isipro vided achanr'ber min which fltsf the hardened collar-1|, which is slightly tapered outwardly in position by the set-screw 12. This collar' 1l forms an elongated bearing surface forthe punch tion isflocated one end of the'coil spring 11, which spring is mounted in the bore of the sleeve 68 and bears at its forward end against the'head 15 and at its rear end against the screw-threaded stop 18, which latter is provided to minutely reg; ulate the dfstance that the-punch 14 will enter thedie 31. l h V From this, it will be seen that the punch 13 is normally held with relation tothe block 62 in its forward or advanced position. 1m Fig. 9, .I have shown the punch carrying mechanism with its punch'advanced to'a position where it is just contacting with the end of the slug S preliminarily to forcing it into its position wholly within the cavity of the die 31, where it will receive its first 7 'tion from the stroke of the punch, which has now been arrested a the same.

die 31 to form thehub cavity, it being underor forming blowby' the continued movement or in its movement; As the punch carrying mechanism advances and the spring tension isovercome, the punch '13 having" itsrear end 16 now; abutting against thepin 18 will force the "slug" over the eoned'end H of the'forming pin '33, within the die cavity 40, as may be seen in Fig. 10, thus flaring the slug and properly indenting Still referring to Fig. 9, there will be noticed a further sleeve an, which tightlyflts within the a bore 61 and is lockedinposition-by thetapered bolt 8] similar to the manner in'whichthe upper 1 sleeve is heldin'position In the forwardend of this sleeve is carried'the header punch-82, the

provide a gripping fit within its carryi g'chamber 83 within the. sleeve 80.v Itwillalso be noticed that centrally of the sleeve '80 there is a longitudinal bore 84 which registers with the bore 8! in the punch carrying block 62 to provide a passageway, in which may be placed a rod to force out the header punch 82 when desired. L f In Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, are shown the progressive steps of the punch can'yingmechanism and the cooperating female die carrying block and the forming and knock-out pin, while Fig, 14

shows a group of enlarged perspective views illus trating the progressive steps'of the 'slug'forma'w slugproper to the "formed button back.

Specifically, in Fig. 9," it will'benoticed thatfl the punch has'just' come" into contact with the end of the cylindrical slug S, while the knock-" out pin 33'4 'is held in its final position of the preceding 1 cycle ready to be forced back to its; normal or first position' by. the oncoming slug. In

Fig. 10,,the punch" is shown as having advanced and struck or delivered the first blow upon the slug to forcejthe metal about the forming pin and into a slightly flared'cavity, 40'; within the through the bore o'i'the'diei been raised in and. forming and knock-out pin 4|, and in a pog 1 instance, in Fig. 9. w I body of which isslightly tapered and ground to be formed.-

stood that the forming and knock-out pin 4| has beentforced back to its normal position where it' is backed up by" the knock-out pm tipsy-as";

In Fig.'l1; the punch 13 isto'be understoodas having receded whilethe; forming and knock-out 5 pin II has beenadvanced by itsflrst step action I v.

to push the no'w partly formed slug outwardly ,a

suiilcientdistahce to provide stock for the head portion ofthebutton back and ready to receive thenext'o'r heading blow." It will also be. understood'that the punch carrying mechanism 63 has 'beenraised lZQtbllIi'Q the header; punch 82iinto I proper alignment with the 'die 31 and its forming,

' land knock-outgbinBS-l l, and'is also advancing to deliver the heading blow. 'It will further be noticed that the advancement ofthefcrming and knock-out pin relocatesthe metal ofv the previously iil n ed indented slug about the conical. end .of the forming pin, asth'eslug is forced, outwardly 2 r Thenext progressive 'step isJshown in Fig.1 12, that is; the header punch 8 has .deliveredits heading blowand driven the protrudmg'metal of,

thestock in the die cavity 31 to complete the heading of the slug, S, thusforming the button' 5 back. It will ,be understood,iof course, that the punch 14 in thepunch carrying mechanismhas,

g unisonv with the headingpunch, so that the punch willbe .raised' intoalignment with-the recess'li toenter'therein (merely fo 30 clearance) asithe' heading blow'is delivered The'final step inthe operation isshownlragmentarily in Fig. 13, iniwhiclifthe forming and 'knock-out pin ll hastadvancfed to its flnalon vlrnock-out position to. force vtheEcompleted slug 35 S wholly- ,without' 'the die and in position to be. removed from the coned end of the-forming and knock -out pin aa uby the advance of the'shear-T knifecarrier 83 for its succeeding cutting and transfer operation, which shear knife carrier 53, it will be;remembered. carries the. ejector finger.

. 55. The punch carrying-frnechanism S'vvillhave V receded and. loweredand started to advance the] punch, the punch now beinginline with the die cut slug intothe die] as the positional-town," for;

sition tovv force a freshly it further advances to Operation of themcchine e g Now that a'general description has beenset but of the conventional part o'i' the machine, as well] as a specificdescription of the novelfeatures'of my invention, a cycle of the machine ,to form a", button back'from the wire stoclr will be set but I 55 briefly;

Assuming that-the machinehas been started I and run by a -suitable motor through a belt ,on the fly wheel 8,,the'jwire stocks will" be advanced through the feed "rolls A. and VB' and thequills 149 and'lfl' to 'abutagainst'the stop 5|, which has "beenfset' to properly determine the length of, the:

slugs i'o r the button; backs or othenarticles to n will beremembered m nna shear blade car 51 mounted, 'eccentrically 1 onljthe stub lshaft 58 e and driven from the reduction gears II and I2 which,"in turn, are-driven, it will beremembered, from the main shaft 6. lAfter the stock is'sheared by theshear blade 53', the lug s"wi11 beheld in the pocket on the forward end of the shear blade 53 by the spring 54. .The slug isthenca'rv ried transversely of the machine into alignment 75 I Q5. rier' 5 3 is" operated froma rollerpand, cam 56, which cam is operatedfrorn the connecting rod formation of ,the cavity or hub with the die 31 and the punch 13. Now the shear blade and its carrier remain momentarily at rest whilthe stock is still in alignment. The gate 59 nextadvances sufficiently to cause the punch wholly within pushes the sections of the knock-out pinback against the lower face of the shifting backing-up block 3|, which is 'now in its normal position.

By the above'movement, the knock-out lever 43 will also be returned to a'normal position andready for its n'ext'operation. The completion of the first stroke of the the punch 14' forward to its limit to complete the portion of the button back by driving the metal about the coned end, of the forming pin 33. Itis to be espe cially noticed that the thrust of the blow is taken up by the shifting backing-up block 3|, it also being noticed that the bearsagainst the low portion of the cam'face 32 of the shifting backing-up block 3|, which shifting backing-up block is always in contact with the locked adjusting screw 3| thereby.

After the first blow is delivered, thegate re cedes, and again, on

its advancement to deliver the heading blow and coincident therewith, the main drive shaft 6 will, through the reduction gearing II and I2 and the cam and roller action I! and I5, impart a motion to the rock shaftflll through the lever l1. This will rock the 'shaft' l0, which latter carries the cradle arm I9 to thus elevate or'raise the punch carryingmechanism 5 for its second or heading blow, as illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12. I v

Now at the same time that the punch mechanism.5 is elevated, the shifting backing-up block 3| is operated from its normal position to its first advanced position through the arm 23, connecting "rod 24, bell crank 25, andthe vertically connectingrod 2,1. I

It will also be understood that the shifting backing-up block 3|, in moving fromthe normal position to its first advanced position, through the provision of its cam face, will cause the knock-out pin 33 and its several sections toadvance to the position as shown in'Fig. lltothus force the slug partway out of the female die 31."

The'amountthat the slug protrudes provides the metal required for the head ofthebutton back.. In forcing this slug partly out of the die, the

flared metalof the slug will be rearranged about the coned end of the forming pin. q

It will be seen that the thrust (in this instance heading operation) is also taken up'through the knockout pin the'shifting backing-up block, as seen in Fig. 8, The gate then recedes withits punch and head ing die, and as it recedesit will be lowered 'to its normal position by the movement of'therock shaft l0 and which, it will be remembered, has itsopposite its connections. While lowering,

and interposed intermediate the sections of the knock-out pin 33. As this lever 43 is shifted to punch mechanism drives knockeout pin 33 now to backed ul by the shifting backing-up block' which, it'will be remembered, has'moved to its advanced position. ,The end of the knock-out pin, of course, now bears on the high'portion of cam 48 timed from the maindrive' advance the sections 33' and v33" and the form-. I knock-out .pin, the, now completely, formed button blank or slugis forced to the position clearly I 5,. illustrated in Fig. 1a. In other words,--the button blank'orf slug is wholly-reg? moved from-the" die but remains supported on a the -shaped end or the'forniing and kne out pin 33 ll.

The movements "just described "complete: the

cycle of operation. On the succeeding cycle, however, the forward movement of the shear blade carrier 53 and shear blade 53 to sever and present afresh slug to the dies will, through the ejector finger, arranged in; advance of the nose of the blade 53, engage under the flange of the" buttonback to efiecti'vely ejector knookit off the coned end, so that as the cycle iscontinued,

the now completed slug will be eliminated (droppedintd'a proper receptacle) and the die free to receive the next oncoming slug.

The machine isdesigned to deliver about one hundred and sixty blows a minute'to thus 'produce about eighty button backs penminute, it being remembered; that it is a two-blow header."

From the foregoing, it'fwill be seen -thatI 'have" devised a simplified form of forming" and'k'nockout mechanism that permits of a more rapid operation in the making ofbutton backs from wire slugs and provides means for taking up the" thrust of both the forming and heading blows."

The arrangement shown also permits'the'hub of the blank or slug to beformed while whollyj It will be understood that it'w'o uld be clearly within the scope of the invention to provide-the shifting'backing-up block with three faces rather than with two and to change the cam'operating mechanism, so that there might be an additional 40 blow, that is, making the machine a three-blow header andbacking up the slug during all'of its I blows. r

Also, the machine may be used for forming rivets and the like by substituting suitable dies;

Having thus described my invention, What I.

7 claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:-

l. A double stroke crank header for forming button backs and the like from slugs and including a punch and a header die, means for operating the punch and theheaderdie to impart successive forming and heading blows to a slug, a forming and knock-out pin cooperating with the slug during both blows, means for advancing the forming and knock-out pinto advance the'slug after receiving the formingblowyrneans for backing up the forming and knock-out pin during the two blows received by the slug, additional meansffo r "v advancing the knock-out pincarrying the com pleted'button' back, and means for removing the, button back from said pin.

2. A double stroke *crank headenfor forming button backs and the' like from slugs including means for cutting the slug to the desired length, a punch and a header die and means'foroperating the same, a die cavity for receiving the slug, a

forming a'ndknock-out pin, the-"punch and pin operating on the slug when wholly within'the die cavity, means for backingup said pin during this first stroke'of the header die, shiftable means for advancing the forming and knock -out pin to ad vance the slug to be headed, the shiftable means through the pin backingup, the slug while being pin mrjrniauaim completedlsl l fl I ri-om the die. cavity while; carriedbythe termini pin, and meansnfor removingthe slug from iorming pin.- 3.? Amultiple. stroke crank lheader i'or vIorming button backs-and -the like 1 from slugs including V a receiving dle, a' punch anda header, a forming and knockout pin-extendingwithimthe receiving diei me'ansltor delivering the slugto the reeeiving die, meansrior'operating the punch whilethe slug is wholly within thejeceiving die to I indent the end, means-tor advancingthekn ck-out pin torin turn..,advance the sing to a position partly without the die, means ior heading the slug :while the iatteris in this position; additional meanstor "removing the slug from the die,- and further-means j i'orejecting the completedslug while in aposition a receiving die, a-punchands headen ai'orming nd-kno k-o tp n.emn 1 s th n t em ns die, meansfor-aligning slug withthereceiving die whereby the initial movement of the punch theslug within said die, a continuing .movement 01' the punch causing a formingo! the endoLthesllm'bY the pinwhiletheslug is wholly I I I I I without the die. 1

4; i multiple stroke c ank mas-mi button backs and the like irom slugs including -within., the receiving die, means for advancing v 7 without the die," and means for removing the slug:

":"the knock-out pin to intu rn relocatejthe metal of I the slug to; apositionpartly without. ,the means for heading the slug while the i latter is'in this position and the advancing means for'the knock-out pin backing .up ithe slug while in this lattefiposition, meansintermediate the ends-10,1 the k nock-outs'pin 1'or the slug from the while still carried on theknock -out or; ejecting the completed pin, and final means! buttonback'tromthesaid knock-outpin, o v i i "5. A crank headerior .torming button backs d eisrm sp n nd n th re n m n j i'orcing the slug over the forming pin while the and the-likelirom cylindrical slugs including a slug iis whoily encased'within the die, means-for advancing and backing up1the slug, and means for headingjthe advancedslu'g while in the backedup position; means for further a dvancing slug I1 -;irom,:theforming.pin; I 6. A double crank header 101i firming button j advancing .the'i'orming Pin and 'pushingout the ,slug ato. a nosition to be headed 'and': re

loeatingthezhetal in theslug while b'eingj'ad vanced, said means backing up theiorming'fpln' while the Slim is being headed, means" r ori head-I ing; the slug-and i urther means for removinglthe' I slugfrom the die and forming pin and cuttingla further cylindrical 51118. Y

j {14A double crank header m1- ;rr@mg;eumn

an'dthe like trom cylindricalfslugs. ardie I having a forming pin advanceable thrimmeans for iorcing the slug wholly within the die and over the-forming pin; a shiitable c'a'mf face advancing,

:v th .iorming pin and eJecting the ug partly with- II xeutthe die'to be headed,' said,c,am facebacking up forming pin w i e thelslug 1s Being' headed, means for shearing the slugs to aJptoper length, 7 and means carried by said'means ior removing the sliig iromofltheforming pin. '8. A" machine for makins'gbutton back s'and thelikeinciuding'a i'enf ale die, aio'rming pm cit-j inwardly from the rear of the die, a punch -mo s' e1wmb1et d 1 s miii h die 'e e i I 12. A machine; for: forming button hacks; n the likeincluding'a'forming .k nock-out pm;

the like from cylindrical'slugs including 7 f eidie havingaiorming pin advanceahle therein, C

means, for. forcing: the slug wholly with'inth'edie and over the forming fpin', shii'ta'ble means for;

' the ,die. to force: 51 181 around the the z slug nartwayjout clothe, die; for. eompl formlnwln t0 e pieted, tel-operating the folniingpi W e; I I

9. mlint-teamemrmr e come; my

knock-out pm; fan; means tor torcinglthefslug wholly within. the die ns "sh h ntheslunme a t ie ifisth;

w-m 1 ins we mums: (mihem 11. QAdouhie strobe including a 30 j i'emalel' die; a bunchior' forcing slug wholly withlnthiedienndopposit'ely means for torcingthe slim outL thedie I to be .mttherisctedupon andi'orhackinggimithe 1 j slug when'iurther acted upomm'eans i'or 35 the slug jwhen extending,- without the die, and intermediate the" advanceable' m dw r nized; withithc, m ree e ale dierece i set. i s-re th io iins Pi a shittahle lever having a face thereonior v I advancing the; forming and 'knock-outpin, means 45 tween the ends'of the3iormingand knock-outpin 4131A machine m: mrijiung fbutwn-"banmeigo f Y the nk m wujsto iggincludmg a iremme ie having a bore extending. the'rethrough, a forming and kmmcvsnmme n e d i romaf 7 the rear thereof; foradvancing pin o "I nm its. normal, to itsflrst position, means 'in s5 tel-mediate the forming and" means for h s the m qnt P1 i f t motion; 1. F m" 1 d l th m 14. A mjaehine mu m buttonhacks we the like including a. temaledie having a horefex; o

- tending therethroimhi. 18 fq 'mlnlif Pin 1 92111 17:

restingn 1oz backing j up the'iorming pin Fwhen'in thisposition, means ve i si iiv lj tv m h bb s' and tofhiickuji the "same while ins second, p 1- tion, supplemental mmrormvmcim thexxorm= i qpm {so thatits new; extend withoutth bore "of the die. and amine idiecoobe'ratingwith' .th j mfled efl w a forming and'knock-out pin,,mean's for 1 ingthe forming and kno'c'k-Outpinafter smoke of the tormingdiey'and supplemental m nner-16' the oil m; "the 5 10; A for ,fiii ugin ifi Button 26* 63 andjthelike. including I ,al mn rm' I he luawh be ns'h ad d. meansg nh a s f 15,14 sle strokejhigh-speedtr'ankiheader" I including movable' forming jitnd heading dies and '20. A cold header forforrning tubular struc- 9 I further advancing the forming and knock-out pin after the second or heading stroke;

16. The method of forming tubular structures which comprises confining a blank in an extruding die in engagement with a pair of working tools, one of which is adapted to extrude the material of the blank within, the die, providing clearance greater than the normal internal diameter of the die, immediately adjacent the operating end of the extruding tool, compressing said blank between said tools thereby to effect an extruding displacement of the material of the blank by molecular flow around the extruding tool and at-the point of clearance, advancing the extruded blank in the die to project a portion thereof from the die, and swaging a head on said projected portion.

17. The combination with a die having a passage therethrough adapted for reception of a correspondingly formed blank,'and an internally recessed portion effective to provide limited clearance laterally of the passage, of means positioned with respect to the die for confining the blank to said passage with the inner end of the blank extending into said recessed portion, an extruding tool adapted for insertion into the passage to engage said inner end of the blank, and means for relatively feeding said confining means and extruding tool toward each other, said tool and recessed portion being so proportioned relatively as to-efiect a predetermined extrusion of the metal of said body within said recessed portion of the die, as said confining means and tool are relatively fed.

18. A cold header for forming tubular structures, comprising a die having an opening for the reception of a metallic body, means to sever a metallic body from a supply and feed the severed body into alignment with the die opening, an extruding tool arranged to enter the die, a

punch having a portion engageable with the severed metallic body and effective to force said body into engagement with the extruding tool, within the die, and means for moving said punch toward said tool thereby to position the metallic body withinthe die and to extrude the same around the extruding too], said die opening having an internal enlargement, so proportioned relative to a said extruding tool as to accommodate a limited flow of metal of said body during extrusion thereof.

-19. A cold header for forming tubularstructures comprising a die having an opening for the reception of a metallic body, an internally recessed portion effective to enlarge the normal diameter of the opening and provide a clearance space laterally thereof, an extruding tool arranged to enter the die with its end projecting into said recessed portion, a pair of punches each having a portion selectively engageable with the metallic body; means for moving oneof said punches toward said tool thereby to extrude the metallic body at the point of clearance, means for thereafter separating said tool and said punch from each other, means including said tool to advance the body within the die to project a portion of the body from the die, means for shifting said punches until the second with the body, said moving means being thereafter effective to provide'relative movement between said second punch and the projected portion 01 the body whereby to form a head thereon.

reception of a metallic body,

metallic body and effective to force said punch is aligned tures comprising a die having an opening for the means to sever a metallic body from a supply'and'feed the severed body into alignment with the die opening, an extruding tool arranged to enter the die, a punch" having a portion engageable with 'the severed I metallic body and eflective to force said body into engagement with the extruding tool, within the die, means for movingisaid punch toward said 10 tool thereby to position the metallic body within .the die and to extrude the same around the extruding tool, said die opening having an internal enlargement, so proportioned relative to said extruding tool as to accommodatea limited, flow of metal of saidbody during extrusion thereof, and means operative thereafter for forming a head on said metallic body.

21. A cold header for forming tubular structures comprising a die having an opening for the reception of a metallic body, and an internally recessed portion effective to enlarge the normal diameter of the opening-and provide a limited clearance space of predetermined location within the die; an extruding tool arranged to enter the die with its tip projecting into said recessed portion; a punch having a portion engageable with the metallic bodyand efiective to force said body into engagement with the extruding tool, and means for moving said punch toward said tool, said tool and recessed portion being so proportioned relatively as to effect an extrusion of the metallic body at the point of clearance.

22. A cold header for forming tubular structures comprising a die having an opening for the reception of a metallic body, means to sever a metallic body from a supply and feed the severed body into alignment with the die opening, an extruding tool arranged to enter the die, a punch having a portion engageable with the severed body into engagement with the extruding tool, within the die, and means for moving said punch toward said tool thereby to position the metallicbody within the die and to extrude the same around the extruding tool, said dieopening having an internal enlargement, so proportioned relative to said extruding tool as to accommodate a limited flow of metal of said body during said extrusion, and advance mechanism for thereafter moving the extruded body relative to the die, for subsequent operations. H

23. A cold header for forming tubular strut. tures comprising a die having an opening for the reception of a metallic body, means to sever a' metallic body from a supply and feed the severed body into alignment with thedie opening, an extruding tool arranged to enter the die, a punch having a portion engageable with the severed metallic body and effective to force said body into engagement with the extruding tool, within the die, and means for moving said punch toward said tool thereby to'position the metallic body within the die and to extrude the same around the extruding tool, and advance mech- 

